थैलियम
81
Tl
समूह
13
आवर्त
6
ब्लॉक
p
प्रोटॉन
इलेक्ट्रॉन्स
न्यूट्रॉन
81
81
123
सामान्य गुण
परमाणु संख्या
81
परमाणु भार
204.3833
द्रव्यमान संख्या
204
श्रेणी
संक्रमणोपरांत धातु
रंग
रजत
रेडियोधर्मी
नहीं
From Greek thallos, meanin a green shoot or twig
क्रिस्टल की संरचना
सरल हेक्सागोनल
इतिहास
Thallium was discovered spectroscopically by Sir William Crookes in 1861, in London.
In 1862, Claude-Auguste Lamy used a spectrometer to determine the composition of a selenium-containing substance which was deposited during the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite.
He noticed the new green line in the spectra and concluded that a new element was present.
In 1862, Claude-Auguste Lamy used a spectrometer to determine the composition of a selenium-containing substance which was deposited during the production of sulfuric acid from pyrite.
He noticed the new green line in the spectra and concluded that a new element was present.
इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रति शेल
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 3
इलेक्ट्रॉन कॉन्फिगरेशन
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p1
Agatha Christie made use of thallium's toxicity in her novel The Pale Horse
भौतिक गुण
अवस्था
ठोस
घनत्व
11.85 g/cm3
गलनांक
577.15 K | 304 °C | 579.2 °F
क्वथनांक
1746.15 K | 1473 °C | 2683.4 °F
विलय ऊष्मा
4.2 कि.जूल/मोल
वाष्पीकरण ऊष्मा
165 कि.जूल/मोल
विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
0.129 जूल/ग्राम•केल्विन
पृथ्वी की पपड़ी में प्रचुरता
0.000053%
ब्रह्मांड में प्रचुरता
5×10-8%
सी ए एस संख्या
7440-28-0
PubChem सी.आई.डी. संख्या
5359464
परमाण्विक गुण
परमाणु का त्रिज्या
170 pm
संयोजी त्रिज्या
145 pm
इलेक्ट्रोनेगेटिविटी
1.62 (पाइलिंग पैमाना)
आयनीकरण ऊर्जाएं
6.1082 eV
परमाणु आयतन
17.2 से.मी.३/मोल
तापीय चालकता
0.461 W/cm·K
ऑक्सीकरण स्थितियां
1, 3
उपयोग
Thallium selenide has been used in a bolometer for infrared detection.
Thallium is also used in gamma radiation detection equipment.
Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is used in the manufacture of photo cells.
Some of the electrodes in dissolved oxygen analyzers contain thallium.
Thallium is also used in gamma radiation detection equipment.
Thallium oxide has been used to produce glasses with a high index of refraction, and is used in the manufacture of photo cells.
Some of the electrodes in dissolved oxygen analyzers contain thallium.
Thallium and its compounds are highly toxic
समस्थानिक
स्थिर आइसोटोप
203Tl, 205Tlअस्थिर समस्थानिक
176Tl, 177Tl, 178Tl, 179Tl, 180Tl, 181Tl, 182Tl, 183Tl, 184Tl, 185Tl, 186Tl, 187Tl, 188Tl, 189Tl, 190Tl, 191Tl, 192Tl, 193Tl, 194Tl, 195Tl, 196Tl, 197Tl, 198Tl, 199Tl, 200Tl, 201Tl, 202Tl, 204Tl, 206Tl, 207Tl, 208Tl, 209Tl, 210Tl, 211Tl, 212Tl