नियोबियम
41
Nb
समूह
5
आवर्त
5
ब्लॉक
d
प्रोटॉन
इलेक्ट्रॉन्स
न्यूट्रॉन
41
41
52
सामान्य गुण
परमाणु संख्या
41
परमाणु भार
92.90638
द्रव्यमान संख्या
93
श्रेणी
संक्रमण धातु
रंग
सलेटी
रेडियोधर्मी
नहीं
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
क्रिस्टल की संरचना
शरीर केंद्रित घन
इतिहास
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.
The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रति शेल
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
इलेक्ट्रॉन कॉन्फिगरेशन
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
भौतिक गुण
अवस्था
ठोस
घनत्व
8.57 g/cm3
गलनांक
2750.15 K | 2477 °C | 4490.6 °F
क्वथनांक
5017.15 K | 4744 °C | 8571.2 °F
विलय ऊष्मा
26.8 कि.जूल/मोल
वाष्पीकरण ऊष्मा
690 कि.जूल/मोल
विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
0.265 जूल/ग्राम•केल्विन
पृथ्वी की पपड़ी में प्रचुरता
0.0017%
ब्रह्मांड में प्रचुरता
2×10-7%
सी ए एस संख्या
7440-03-1
PubChem सी.आई.डी. संख्या
23936
परमाण्विक गुण
परमाणु का त्रिज्या
146 pm
संयोजी त्रिज्या
164 pm
इलेक्ट्रोनेगेटिविटी
1.6 (पाइलिंग पैमाना)
आयनीकरण ऊर्जाएं
6.7589 eV
परमाणु आयतन
10.87 से.मी.३/मोल
तापीय चालकता
0.537 W/cm·K
ऑक्सीकरण स्थितियां
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
उपयोग
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.
The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.
Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
समस्थानिक
स्थिर आइसोटोप
93Nbअस्थिर समस्थानिक
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb