कैल्सियम
20
Ca
समूह
2
आवर्त
4
ब्लॉक
s
प्रोटॉन
इलेक्ट्रॉन्स
न्यूट्रॉन
20
20
20
सामान्य गुण
परमाणु संख्या
20
परमाणु भार
40.078
द्रव्यमान संख्या
40
श्रेणी
क्षारीय पार्थिव धातुएँ
रंग
रजत
रेडियोधर्मी
नहीं
लैटिन शब्द कैलक्स से, अर्थात लाइम (चूना)
क्रिस्टल की संरचना
चेहरा केंद्रित घन
इतिहास
Calcium was known as early as the first century when the Ancient Romans prepared lime as calcium oxide.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
Calcium was first isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808 when he electrolyzed a mixture of lime and mercuric oxide.
Davy was trying to isolate calcium; when he heard that Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Pontin prepared calcium amalgam by electrolyzing lime in mercury, he tried it himself.
इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रति शेल
2, 8, 8, 2
इलेक्ट्रॉन कॉन्फिगरेशन
[Ar] 4s2
The shell of an egg is made up of primarily calcium carbonate
भौतिक गुण
अवस्था
ठोस
घनत्व
1.54 g/cm3
गलनांक
1115.15 K | 842 °C | 1547.6 °F
क्वथनांक
1757.15 K | 1484 °C | 2703.2 °F
विलय ऊष्मा
8.54 कि.जूल/मोल
वाष्पीकरण ऊष्मा
155 कि.जूल/मोल
विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
0.647 जूल/ग्राम•केल्विन
पृथ्वी की पपड़ी में प्रचुरता
5%
ब्रह्मांड में प्रचुरता
0.007%
सी ए एस संख्या
7440-70-2
PubChem सी.आई.डी. संख्या
5460341
परमाण्विक गुण
परमाणु का त्रिज्या
197 pm
संयोजी त्रिज्या
176 pm
इलेक्ट्रोनेगेटिविटी
1.00 (पाइलिंग पैमाना)
आयनीकरण ऊर्जाएं
6.1132 eV
परमाणु आयतन
29.9 से.मी.३/मोल
तापीय चालकता
2.01 W/cm·K
ऑक्सीकरण स्थितियां
1, 2
उपयोग
Calcium is used to remove oxygen, sulfur and carbon from alloys.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
It is also used as an alloying agent used in the production of aluminum, beryllium, copper, lead, and magnesium alloys.
Calcium is used as a reducing agent in the extraction of other metals, such as uranium, zirconium, and thorium.
Calcium carbonate is used in manufacturing cement and mortar, lime and limestone.
Calcium is considered to be non-toxic
समस्थानिक
स्थिर आइसोटोप
40Ca, 42Ca, 43Ca, 44Ca, 46Caअस्थिर समस्थानिक
34Ca, 35Ca, 36Ca, 37Ca, 38Ca, 39Ca, 41Ca, 45Ca, 47Ca, 48Ca, 49Ca, 50Ca, 51Ca, 52Ca, 53Ca, 54Ca, 55Ca, 56Ca, 57Ca