बिस्मथ
83
Bi
समूह
15
आवर्त
6
ब्लॉक
p
प्रोटॉन
इलेक्ट्रॉन्स
न्यूट्रॉन
83
83
126
सामान्य गुण
परमाणु संख्या
83
परमाणु भार
208.9804
द्रव्यमान संख्या
209
श्रेणी
संक्रमणोपरांत धातु
रंग
सलेटी
रेडियोधर्मी
नहीं
From the German Weisse Masse, meaning white mass
क्रिस्टल की संरचना
मूल केंद्रित मोनोक्लिनिक
इतिहास
Bismuth has been known since ancient times, so no one person is credited with its discovery.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रति शेल
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
इलेक्ट्रॉन कॉन्फिगरेशन
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Bismuth has unusually high electrical resistance for a metal
भौतिक गुण
अवस्था
ठोस
घनत्व
9.78 g/cm3
गलनांक
544.65 K | 271.5 °C | 520.7 °F
क्वथनांक
1837.15 K | 1564 °C | 2847.2 °F
विलय ऊष्मा
10.9 कि.जूल/मोल
वाष्पीकरण ऊष्मा
160 कि.जूल/मोल
विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
0.122 जूल/ग्राम•केल्विन
पृथ्वी की पपड़ी में प्रचुरता
2.5×10-6%
ब्रह्मांड में प्रचुरता
7×10-8%
सी ए एस संख्या
7440-69-9
PubChem सी.आई.डी. संख्या
5359367
परमाण्विक गुण
परमाणु का त्रिज्या
156 pm
संयोजी त्रिज्या
148 pm
इलेक्ट्रोनेगेटिविटी
2.02 (पाइलिंग पैमाना)
आयनीकरण ऊर्जाएं
7.2856 eV
परमाणु आयतन
21.3 से.मी.३/मोल
तापीय चालकता
0.0797 W/cm·K
ऑक्सीकरण स्थितियां
-3, 3, 5
उपयोग
Bismuth is used in producing malleable irons and is used as a catalyst for making acrylic fibers.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth is considered to be non-toxic
समस्थानिक
स्थिर आइसोटोप
-अस्थिर समस्थानिक
184Bi, 185Bi, 186Bi, 187Bi, 188Bi, 189Bi, 190Bi, 191Bi, 192Bi, 193Bi, 194Bi, 195Bi, 196Bi, 197Bi, 198Bi, 199Bi, 200Bi, 201Bi, 202Bi, 203Bi, 204Bi, 205Bi, 206Bi, 207Bi, 208Bi, 209Bi, 210Bi, 211Bi, 212Bi, 213Bi, 214Bi, 215Bi, 216Bi, 217Bi, 218Bi