प्रोमेथियम
61
Pm
समूह
लागू नहीं
आवर्त
6
ब्लॉक
f
प्रोटॉन
इलेक्ट्रॉन्स
न्यूट्रॉन
61
61
84
सामान्य गुण
परमाणु संख्या
61
परमाणु भार
[145]
द्रव्यमान संख्या
145
श्रेणी
लैन्थेनाइड्स
रंग
रजत
रेडियोधर्मी
हाँ
Named after the Greek Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven
क्रिस्टल की संरचना
लागू नहीं
इतिहास
The existence of an element between neodymium and samarium was first predicted by Czech chemist Bohuslav Brauner in 1902.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रति शेल
2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
इलेक्ट्रॉन कॉन्फिगरेशन
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Promethium is the only lanthanide that has no stable isotopes
भौतिक गुण
अवस्था
ठोस
घनत्व
7.26 g/cm3
गलनांक
1315.15 K | 1042 °C | 1907.6 °F
क्वथनांक
3273.15 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F
विलय ऊष्मा
7.7 कि.जूल/मोल
वाष्पीकरण ऊष्मा
290 कि.जूल/मोल
विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
-
पृथ्वी की पपड़ी में प्रचुरता
लागू नहीं
ब्रह्मांड में प्रचुरता
लागू नहीं
चित्र साभार: Wikimedia Commons (Geomartin)
Pitchblende, a uranium ore and the host for most of Earth's promethium
सी ए एस संख्या
7440-12-2
PubChem सी.आई.डी. संख्या
लागू नहीं
परमाण्विक गुण
परमाणु का त्रिज्या
183 pm
संयोजी त्रिज्या
199 pm
इलेक्ट्रोनेगेटिविटी
-
आयनीकरण ऊर्जाएं
5.582 eV
परमाणु आयतन
22.39 से.मी.३/मोल
तापीय चालकता
0.179 W/cm·K
ऑक्सीकरण स्थितियां
3
उपयोग
Promethium is also used in atomic batteries for spacecraft and guided missiles.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is harmful due to its radioactivity
समस्थानिक
स्थिर आइसोटोप
-अस्थिर समस्थानिक
126Pm, 127Pm, 128Pm, 129Pm, 130Pm, 131Pm, 132Pm, 133Pm, 134Pm, 135Pm, 136Pm, 137Pm, 138Pm, 139Pm, 140Pm, 141Pm, 142Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 145Pm, 146Pm, 147Pm, 148Pm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 151Pm, 152Pm, 153Pm, 154Pm, 155Pm, 156Pm, 157Pm, 158Pm, 159Pm, 160Pm, 161Pm, 162Pm, 163Pm