क्रोमियम
24
Cr
समूह
6
आवर्त
4
ब्लॉक
d
प्रोटॉन
इलेक्ट्रॉन्स
न्यूट्रॉन
24
24
28
सामान्य गुण
परमाणु संख्या
24
परमाणु भार
51.9961
द्रव्यमान संख्या
52
श्रेणी
संक्रमण धातु
रंग
रजत
रेडियोधर्मी
नहीं
ग्रीक शब्द क्रोमा से, अर्थात रंग
क्रिस्टल की संरचना
शरीर केंद्रित घन
इतिहास
In 1797, Louis Nicolas Vauquelin received samples of crocoite ore.
In 1798, Vauquelin discovered that he could isolate metallic chromium by heating the oxide in a charcoal oven, making him the discoverer of the element.
Vauquelin was also able to detect traces of chromium in precious gemstones, such as ruby or emerald.
In 1798, Vauquelin discovered that he could isolate metallic chromium by heating the oxide in a charcoal oven, making him the discoverer of the element.
Vauquelin was also able to detect traces of chromium in precious gemstones, such as ruby or emerald.
इलेक्ट्रॉन प्रति शेल
2, 8, 13, 1
इलेक्ट्रॉन कॉन्फिगरेशन
[Ar] 3d5 4s1
Chromium oxide was used by the Chinese in the Qin dynasty over 2,000 years ago
भौतिक गुण
अवस्था
ठोस
घनत्व
7.15 g/cm3
गलनांक
2180.15 K | 1907 °C | 3464.6 °F
क्वथनांक
2944.15 K | 2671 °C | 4839.8 °F
विलय ऊष्मा
20.5 कि.जूल/मोल
वाष्पीकरण ऊष्मा
339 कि.जूल/मोल
विशिष्ट ऊष्मा क्षमता
0.449 जूल/ग्राम•केल्विन
पृथ्वी की पपड़ी में प्रचुरता
0.014%
ब्रह्मांड में प्रचुरता
0.0015%
चित्र साभार: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
High purity chromium crystals, produced by chemical transport reaction through decomposition of chromium iodides, as well as a high purity chromium cube for comparison
सी ए एस संख्या
7440-47-3
PubChem सी.आई.डी. संख्या
23976
परमाण्विक गुण
परमाणु का त्रिज्या
128 pm
संयोजी त्रिज्या
139 pm
इलेक्ट्रोनेगेटिविटी
1.66 (पाइलिंग पैमाना)
आयनीकरण ऊर्जाएं
6.7665 eV
परमाणु आयतन
7.23 से.मी.३/मोल
तापीय चालकता
0.937 W/cm·K
ऑक्सीकरण स्थितियां
-2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
उपयोग
Chromium is used to harden steel, manufacture stainless steel, and form many useful alloys.
It is mostly used in plating to produce a hard, beautiful surface and to prevent corrosion.
The metal is also widely used as a catalyst.
Chromium compounds are valued as pigments for their vivid green, yellow, red and orange colors.
It is mostly used in plating to produce a hard, beautiful surface and to prevent corrosion.
The metal is also widely used as a catalyst.
Chromium compounds are valued as pigments for their vivid green, yellow, red and orange colors.
In larger amounts, chromium can be toxic and carcinogenic
समस्थानिक
स्थिर आइसोटोप
50Cr, 52Cr, 53Cr, 54Crअस्थिर समस्थानिक
42Cr, 43Cr, 44Cr, 45Cr, 46Cr, 47Cr, 48Cr, 49Cr, 51Cr, 55Cr, 56Cr, 57Cr, 58Cr, 59Cr, 60Cr, 61Cr, 62Cr, 63Cr, 64Cr, 65Cr, 66Cr, 67Cr